Currently reading: Tesla: will the fairytale end this year?
Although it is burning cash and can’t build Model 3s quickly enough, Elon Musk’s car firm continues to attract investors. So what gives?

In the past 18 months, the world has seen some improbable events – most notably the election of Donald Trump and the Brexit vote – but what has been even more unlikely has been the financial rise and rise of Tesla.

While the two elections involved ordinary voters, Tesla’s ranking last April as the most valuable car company on the planet was, remarkably, driven by hard-headed investors and analysts.

In 2016, Tesla sold just over 76,000 cars globally, while General Motors sold 9.96 million. But that didn’t stop the financial markets valuing this automotive minnow at $51.54 billion (£38.03bn) last spring. That was more than one billion dollars above the market value of second-placed GM.

Although analyst sentiment has shifted a little since then, the share price hasn’t significantly. Tesla’s biggest problem – one that we analysed in these pages back in November – is that it is struggling to get its new entry- level Model 3 into production. That is partly the reason it is losing huge amounts of money: in the third quarter of 2017, Tesla spent £457m, which equates to £38m per week.

First production model 3   vin001

Such is the rate of Tesla’s cash burn that in late 2017 Bloomberg Intelligence’s market analysts estimated Tesla would run out of money completely by August 2018 if nothing changed.

Indeed, in a note to investors at the beginning of this year, a Barclays analyst said he believed that Tesla would spend £3bn in 2018 as it struggles to get the Model 3 production lines rolling at full speed. He also predicted that Tesla would have to raise around £1.9bn in new funding by autumn 2018.

For the first time, it looks possible that Tesla could stumble and even begin to wither. If it doesn’t meet its target of producing 20,000 Model 3s per month by July, the share price could finally slide and raising further billions to carry the company through the second half of 2018 might be much less easy. By the end of this year, the established premium car makers will arrive with their own Tesla-rivalling electric vehicles.

Back to top

The progress of Tesla from the darling of investors and starry-eyed futurists to a serious car-making company hinges entirely on the progress of the Model 3. But even the company’s admission at the beginning of January that it had missed its production targets for a second time seemed to have little effect on its financial standing: the share price dropped by just 3.6% on the news but then sprang back.

Progress of the Model 3 has been watched extremely closely over the past few months, as rumours began to emerge of serious problems with construction of the 3’s substantially steel monocoque. The Model S and X are constructed of aluminium, so shifting to steel for the majority of the Model 3 architecture (only the structures behind the rear seats and rear wheel wells are made of aluminium) put Tesla on a steep learning curve.

2n6c9848

The other delay was at Tesla’s battery-making Gigafactory in Nevada. Sources told Autocar that errors in the construction of the battery can lead to much-reduced capacity. Officially, Tesla said it has to redesign two zones of the ‘four zone’ battery-making process, slowing the Model 3’s launch.

Back in the here and now, the company shifted 101,000 Model S and Model Xs in 2017. That was up by a third over its 2016 sales and strong in a global luxury market in which the Mercedes S-Class sold around 84,000 units in 12 months. But, as analysts at Evercore ISI put it in a note to investors, the Model 3 “is the most important piece of the investment story”.

Back to top

Tesla wanted to build 5000 Model 3s per week by early 2018, but it has twice had to push that target back. It delivered 1550 vehicles in the last three months of 2017, well behind predictions. The company now says it will reach the 20,000 per month target by the start of July.

Evercore ISI thinks Tesla won’t be hampered much longer by production problems. The analysts have pencilled in some 258,000 Model 3 sales across 2018 and is forecasting around 326,000 sales in 2019, which, along with a further pick-up in Model S and X sales, should get the company quite close the magic 500,000 annual sales that was its original target for 2018. At best it looks like that the total will in fact be around 370,000, one investment bank predicted.

Clearly, the robustness of Tesla’s share price and ability to raise more money has not so far been undermined by slow production. Even the unveiling of the potentially distracting Tesla truck and Tesla Roadster (both scheduled to arrive in 2020, despite questions over where they will be built and how the R&D will be funded) failed to frighten the markets.But it remains a mystery to many in the financial industry why Tesla remains so favoured.

First, it is not producing any technology that cannot be matched by the rest of the car industry. And when the premium car makers do arrive, with models such as the Jaguar i-Pace, Audi E-tron and Porsche Mission E due over the next 18 months, the feeling among investors is that Elon Musk’s company will not be significantly impacted. One analyst put these concerns to Tesla investors, and the main thrust of the response was that the Tesla brand was so overwhelmingly powerful it had nothing to fear from the arrival of competitors’ EVs.

There’s no doubt Tesla can survive if it can reach the July production target and initial demand for the Model 3 holds up. As things stand, the company has a six-month window to get up to speed – and iron out the build quality issues that have plagued early 3s – before premium rivals appear.

Probably the biggest threat to Tesla is the ability of established makers to build EVs with remarkable precision, reliability and offer a more experienced dealer back-up. New models from Porsche and Audi are also likely to outpace Tesla when it comes to autonomous driving features and cloud connectivity.

But on the evidence so far, Tesla will remain immune to the usual rigour of investment norms. Who would bet against the company continuing to defy financial gravity? 

Read more

Tesla Model S review 

Tesla Roadster review 

Tesla Model X review

Join the debate

Comments
42
Add a comment…
bowsersheepdog 17 March 2018

Sullying the name of progress

Lefties fantasize about ending free movement and having control of when and where people can go, and imagine achieving their totalitarianist aims through autonomous electric cars.  Musk is a conman.  Electric cars are shit.  When the shit hits the fan a lot of companies will have wasted a shitload of money.

One day something may well replace the internal combustion engine, but plugging cars into the mains isn't going to be it.  Electric cars are going nowhere.

rjv 15 March 2018

5th or 6th article

I think this is the 6th article or so autocar is writing to say tesla will go burst or probably go burst. How a new frim like tesla managed to shook the established behemoths in the auto industry and made them to follow suit  is something autocar seems hard to digest. 

wheelman 11 March 2018

How wrong can this be?

When this article was first written and published in Autocar several weeks ago, it was the first time in over a decade of subscription that I felt compelled to write in. My response was actually published. 

What i didnt say was how horrified I was at the level of journalism. The fact that Hilton could even put Tesla, Jag, Porsche and others on a parity in terms of technology was at best uneducated and at worst a clear case of bias. These manufacturers have yet to bring to market their first products, whilst Tesla are on what they call 2.5 of their hardware/software platform. It'll take the traditional car manufacturers several years or more now to reach parity at the very best, because this is not a core competency for either them or their tier 1 supply chain. 

I'm going to laugh out loud when the first iPace reviews come out. Autocar will undoubtedly gush with enthusiasm- as they always do at JLR products. Whilst those that know better will recognise that JLR is miles from understanding how to build batteries or more importantly the software to support real life usage. Just look at how slow the iPace is to charge. Well done to them on the design and getting great acceleration - but really, doing EV's needs much more than that. Ask BMW why they've struggled.

I'm not trying to defend Tesla. Elon has for more than a decade over promised on his time commitments, despite always getting there in the end - whether that be a space rocket, car, solar roof, truck, or high speed under ground travel. 

What Hilton fails to understand, is that breaking new ground is difficult and the traditional car industry - bar maybe Nissan/Renault - have tinkered at this, not looking to upset their applecart, whilst Tesla started from a clean sheet and went all in to invent the future, thinking about the complete ownership experience.

Last time something like this happened, Blackberry and Nokia felt the consequences.